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Hands-On T1/T3 Components,
Installation and Troubleshooting
3 Day Course
Who Should Attend
Current or future users of digital systems and facilities who require a thorough understanding of digital transmission technology, equipment operation and terminology
What You Will Learn
- Master the fundamentals of T1, T3 and SONET
- Build and operate a full end-to-end T1 facility at each workstation
- Evaluate T1 voice and data interface options, applications and performance criteria
- Monitor framing and signaling formats, verify T1 signaling
- Discuss the technical, financial and operational differences between implementation of Fractional T1, T3 and other WAN and access technologies
- Master the five main T1/T3 activities – installation, activation, acceptance testing, troubleshooting and network synchronization
- Identify and resolve system failures on a fully operational T1 network
- Develop troubleshooting skills in 3 main problem areas - Span, demarcation and customer premises equipment
- Isolate problems methodically and eliminate “finger pointing”
- Understand the meaning of various alarms and what action to take to resolve problems
Detailed Outline
A. Introduction to T1/T3
- What is DS1/T1?
- What is Fractional DS1/T1
- What is DS3/T3
- History of Digital Carriers
- Benefits of Digital Carriers
- DDS Service
- Digital Signal Hierarchy (DS0-DS4)
- E Carrier Comparison to T Carrier
B. T1/E1/T3 Signal Components
- Signal Coding Options
- B7Sub/B8Sub
- Zero Code Suppression
- AMI
- B8ZS/BxZS
- HDB3
- Framing Options
- D1/D1D/D2/D3/D4 History
- SF/D4
- ESF
- E1 Multiframe
- DS3/T3 C-Bit, M13
- Formatted vs. Non-Formatted
- Signal levels and Standards
C. Network Elements
- Multiplexers
- M24
- M13/M12/M23 - DS3/T3
- M44/M55 – ADPCM
- Channel Banks
- Sub-rate Mux/DS0-A/DS0-B
- Data Service Unit (DSU)
- Channel Service Unit (CSU)
- Network Interface Units
- Line and Office Repeaters
- Central Office Equipment
- DACS/DCS
- Drop and Insert
- DSX Bays
- DLC/SLC
D. Introduction to SONET
- Definition of SONET
- SONET Hierarchy
- SONET Network Elements
- SONET Channel Decodes
- Overhead Bits
- Virtual Tributaries
- SONET Coding and Framing
- SONET Topologies and Networking
- Use with new and future technologies
- WDM and DWDM
E. Interfacing Voice
- Analog Circuit Specifications
- Channel Structure
- Signaling and Supervision
- CAS Signaling - A/B/C/D bits
- CCS Common Channel Signaling (SS7)
F. Interfacing Data
- Input Standards
- RS-232C through EIA-232F
- V.35
- EIA-530
- EIA-449
- Network options
- Use of T1 Standards in ISDN
- Basic Rate Interface
- Primary Rate Interface
- H0/H11/H12
G. Testing Methods
- Trouble Shooting Agenda
- Alarm Structure and Logic
- LOS/OOF – Red Alarm
- AIS – Blue Alarm
- RAI – Yellow Alarm
- Loop Back Testing
- Local and Remote Loop Backs
- Error Checking
- Bit Errors/Errored Seconds/SES
- Analog Testing Procedure
- Levels, noise
- Distortion, jitter, P/AR
- Cable Impairments and Testing
- Power Impairments
- Repeater Testing
- T3/DS3 Testing
- SONET Testing
- Performance Objectives
- Service Level Agreements
- Remote Testing Alternatives
H. Network Synchronization
- Synchronization Options
- Synchronous
- Hierarchical master-slave
- Plesiochronous
- Stratum Clock Sources and Levels
- Clocking Options
- Slips, Wander and Jitter
- Standards
I. Circuit Installation and Acceptance
- Capacity and Network Design
- Media Selection
- Bit Error Testing and Requirements
- Test and Stress Patterns/Codes
- Acceptance Criteria
- Installation Testing – SONET
- Technical, Financial and Operational Differences of T1/T3 and SONET
- Options
- Interfacing of Video Options
- Future Options and Technologies
- T1/T3 Test Equipment
- BERT Set/TIMS Set
- TDR/OTDR
- Drop and Insert Testing
- Monitor Jack and DSX Testing
Course Leader:
Zachary Cohen, Briarwood Associates
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